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NCERT Ch 2 Federalism Class 10 Notes pdf || UPSC || SSC || RRB - NTPC || pdf199.com

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NCERT Ch 2 Federalism Class 10 Notes pdf || UPSC || SSC || RRB - NTPC  || pdf199.com 


Jurisdiction - Jurisdiction is the official power to make legal decisions aaand judgements.


 Federal - Federal having or relating to a system of government in which several states form a unity but remain independent in internal affairs. 


Federalism - Federalism describes the federal principle or system of government. 


State Government - State Government or provincial government is the government of a country subdivision in a federal form of government, which shares political power with the federal or national government. 


Central Government - The central government is the political authority that governs an entire nation. 


Coming together Federation - Coming together Federation involves independent states coming together on their own to form a bigger unit so that by pooling sovereignity and retaining identity, they can increase their security. The states and the central government have equal powers. e.g - USA, Australia, Switzerland 


 Holding together Federation - Holding together Federation is a type of federation, where a large country decides to divide its power between the states and the central government. The central government is always more powerful than that of the regional states. e.g - India, Spain, Belgium 


 Constitution - Constitution is a body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organisation is acknowledged to be governed. 


Three List - The constitution clearly provides a three fold distribution of legislative powers between Union Government and the State Government. 


So, it contains three lists - 


Union List - In the Union List subjects of national importance are included, such as defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communications and currency. 


State List - State List includes subjects of state and local importance such as police, trade, commerse, agriculture and irrigation. 


Concurrent List - Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union and the state governments such as edocation, forest, trade unions, marriages, adoption and succession. 


Legislative - Legislative having the power to make laws. 


Legislature - Legislature is the legislative body of a country. 


Supreme Court - Supreme Court is the highest judicial court in a country or a state. 


High Court - High Court is the second highest judicial court in India. 


Union Territory - Union Territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike the states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government ( Central Government ), hence the name `union territory`. 


Linguistic - Linguistic means relating to language or study of language. Linguistic State - The State Recognisation Act, 1956 was a major reform of the boundaries of India`s states and territories, organising them along linguistic lines. So, this is defined as Linguistic State. 


Coalition Government - Coalition Government is a cabinet of a parliamentary government, in which several political parties cooperate, reducing the dominance of any one party within that coalition. 


Decentralisation - Decentralisation means the transfer of authority from central to local government. 


Panchayat - Panchayat is generally a village council. 


Municipal Council - Municipal Council is the local government of a municipality.




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